| SPOUSE | CHILDREN | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
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Mary Loving m. Oct 1787 Burke Co. NC b. 1768 Wilkes Co NC d. May 1852 |
John? b. 1789 Burke Co. NC d. by 1800 Burke Co. NC |
Elizabeth Hattie b. 1791? Burke Co. NC d. 1890? Swain (Macon) Co. NC |
Mahala b. 1794? Burke Co. NC d. ?after 1853 Caldwell Co. NC |
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Jane (Jean) b. Oct 6, 1795 Burke Co. NC d. May 31, 1877 Burke Co. NC |
Sarah (Sally) b. by Nov 1800 Burke Co. NC d. after Nov. 1843 Caldwell Co. NC |
Washington b. 1802? Burke Co. NC d. by 1850 Cherokee Co. NC |
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daughter b. Burke Co. NC d. young |
Susan L. b. Jun 23, 1806 Burke Co. NC d. Jul 27, 1861 Caldwell Co. NC |
Robert b. Jan 31, 1809 Burke Co. NC d. Mar 1, 1891 Caldwell Co. NC |
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George b. 1811 Burke Co. NC d. after 1850 Caldwell Co. NC |
James Taylor b. 1813 Burke Co. NC d. Mar 5, 1843 NC |
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George was born in 1766 at Lynches Creek in Prince George Parish SC, which used
to be part of Craven County, one of the three original parts of the English colony
of Carolana. Prince George Parish was replaced by Georgetown District three years
after he was born. Lynches Creek flows into the Pee Dee River about 32 miles
north of Georgetown, where the Pee Dee empties into Winyah Bay. |
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1725 English Map of South Carolina
Province showing location of Craven County and the Pee Dee (Peede) River
flowing into the Winyah (spelled "Weenya") Bay (above map's title). |
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Modern Map of South Carolina
Counties showing location of Parishes in 18th century. Welsh Neck and Cashaway
Neck was in St. David Parish. Prince George Parish was to the South and included
the Pee Dee basin from Lynches Creek down to Winyah Bay. Map taken from
DMK Heritage (website). |
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|
The White, Loving
and Holloway family connection goes back to a militia defeat at Marrs Bluff SC,
at the hands of Regulators, on July 25, 1768. Involved in the incident, were
George's father, three men from the White family, and
William Loving. George was about to turn two years old at the time of the
incident. He would eventually marry William Loving's daughter
Mary in NC. The North Carolina Whites were
revolutionary patriots in contrast to their Loyalist days in South Carolina,
having left a trail of litigation behind them when some of them ended up in
Natchez, including George's mother. George's descendents in NC were not aware of
his six siblings who stayed in Mississippi. |
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| North Carolina Counties at beginning of 1780. | ||||
|
In Nov 1779, when George was only 13, the Holloway family along with their 3 female
slaves set out over land as part of the Amos Eaton expedition to the Cumberland
Settlement in Washington Co. NC (now central TN), arriving at the beginning of 1780,
just a week after the lead party of men, horses and dogs headed by
James Robertson. |
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|
On Jan 10, 1780, a Land Grant
to George Holloway of one hundred acres of land along Little Mulberry Creek
in Burke Co. NC is entered or requested. George had turned 14 just two weeks prior,
old enough to sign or witness a deed, but did neither. The land was near the land
of uncle William White, who may have entered
two other requests the same day. George's land was not surveyed until Jul 7, 1791
when father-in-law William Loving was the
surveyor. The grant was finally issued Jul 7 1794, 14 and a half years after the
original request. |
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|
Washington Co., previously Washington District, was formed by North Carolina in
1777 and extended west to the Mississippi River, mostly containing land inhabited
by five different tribes of Native Americans, but mostly Cherokee. In 1779, the
Cumberland Settlement was created by the granting of land by the NC government.
In 1783 this settlement was mostly contained in the newly formed Davidson Co. and
surrounded by Indian Lands, and Virginia and Kentucky to the North.
Map of
the Cumberland Settlements showing Forts, known as Stations, in present-day counties. |
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|
According to his son Robert Holloway, George's parents
moved the family from SC "in order to escape the Revolution". The South Carolina
Holloways and Whites were not sympathetic to the American Revolution and left a trail of
litigation in the state. The White family split apart possibly for that reason.
John, his wife Elizabeth White, their six children and others migrated up the
Ohio River and down the Mississippi River to Natchez, then something of a Tory
refuge from Revolutionary hostilities, under British influence with
Spanish-French administration. |
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|
1777 Map
of the Colonies, by J. Leopold Imbert showing the Carolinas and neighboring
territory of "Louisiane" and the rivers and settlements there at the time of the
Revolution. Map was reproduced and printed by the Museum of the American Revolution
from a map image at the Norman B. Leventhal Map Center, Boston Public Library. |
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|
Parents John and Elizabeth Holloway arrived with George, his six siblings,
Cader Raby, and four slaves (2 adults and two
children), a total of 5 people over age 16 and 9 children, on two pirogues in
the Grand Gulf area of the Natchez District by Jan 21, 1781. John left the boats
in the care of Eleanor "Nelly" Price who
owned a Mississippi River dock in Grand Gulf. The town of Grand Gulf no longer
exists but was not far from the town of Port Gibson and about 40 miles upriver
from Natchez. After being sued on Sep 8, 1781 for nonpayment of supplies, John
countersued John Townshend over the loss
of the two pirogues [McBee, Natchez Court Records, Book A, p. 8]. |
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Pirogues were flat bottomed boats, that could be propelled by either a paddle
like a canoe or a pole in marshes and swamps.
Photo of a pirogue
circa 1885 (lower boat) displayed at the Grand Gulf Military Park.
The pirogue was used on the Mississippi River according to the
display's sign.
Each one could have held seven people in the Holloway party. |
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|
On Sep 12, 1781, John Townshend
penned a letter describing what happened regarding the two pirogues earlier in
the year, including a conversation with John's wife Elizabeth about the pirogues.
John Townshend may have submitted this letter to the court when he attended the
John Alston estate sale on Saturday, Sep 15.
Letter translated to
French by Francis Farrell in 1781 for the Natchez Court
[from photocopy of MDAH microfilm, roll #5618, p. 108; see an attempt at an
English Tranlation
of intelligible parts of the same letter]. |
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|
Map of
the Natchez District as it may have looked between 1779 and 1799. |
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George's father John was shot and scalped by Indians between Sep 8 and Oct 24,
1781 at the plantation of
Joshua Howard who was "absent from this
district", five leagues from the Fort of Natchez (now in MS). Young George,
aged 14, and a slave were tied with a rope, but George cut the rope and escaped
during the night. Still a teenager when his mother remarried a few years later,
he was returned to Burke Co. NC to live with his uncle
William White. |
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|
The Commandant of the Natchez District received notice of the death on Oct 24,
1781. On that date a
Conveyance was issued to appoint the guardian of the surviving children,
and an Estate Inventory
was performed. The only male slave listed in the inventory was
Samuel "of the
Angola nation aged about 50 years" and the other females had been owned by the
Holloway family since they lived in SC. |
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|
1895 Map
of Natchez from the Ancestral Trackers
website, shows the likely routes of the Second and Sandy Creeks in 1781. |
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|
Map
showing Land Holdings in the Second Creek area in 1810 is an enlargement
of part of the Adams Co. 1810 Land Holdings Map found on the website of the
MS Dept. Achives and History. In the center of this map can be seen the land owned
by Joshua Howard and other members of the Howard family. Brother John Howard (Jr.)
tried to claim 165 acres next to D. Ferguson and R. Sessions on May 29, 1804, the
same day that Joshua Howard tried to claim the 200 acres of land had been surveyed
for him in 1777. The latter tract would be the land that John Holloway was "improving"
and where he was killed. |
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On May 8, 1783, a Land
Grant Survey Request by Charles McDowell was made for George Holloway.
Col. Charles McDowell was the Entry Officer
of Claims for Burke Co. NC. It was to be done "without delay". The land along
Little Mulberry Creek to be surveyed was the same land entered in 1780 as Grant
No. 1747. Eight years later on Jul 7, 1791, the land was finally surveyed by
George's father-in-law William Loving.
The grant is finally issued Jul 7 1794, 14 and a half years after the
original request. |
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|
On Apr 30, 1785, there is an agreement between stepfather
"John Stilly" and a James
Brown in the Natchez District, that [aged 18 and about 16 year old stepsons]
"George and William Holloway or two others as good would work in the crop along
with four able negroes." It was certified that George Holloway worked with
Still Lee at $1 per day in the crop of James Brown "to make it fit for sale"
[McBee, Natchez Court Records, Book F, p. 72]. |
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|
In a suit Mar 8, 1786, "John Still Lee represents that he was condemned by the
award of arbitrators to pay a certain [James] Brown whom he had hired as an
overseer last year... Brown only worked 12 days... having hired himself to work
elsewhere." Arbitrators, Abraham Mayes and William Daniels, chosen by Still Lee
and Brown, in a statement signed on May 29 of the previous year 1785, said the
plantation was "in good order, containing 21 acres of corn and 7 acres of
tobacco," and the award was judged by Charles de Grand-Pre, and the two parties
mutually agreed on a deduction from the award [Natchez Court Records, Book F,
p. 72]. |
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|
About summertime in 1786, George was sent to live with his uncle,
William White, and his
grandfather, James Taylor White, in NC,
where part of the White family had remained and had become patriots in a part of
the country that was being "pacified", that is, freed from Indian threats. |
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|
Absalom Hooper did not return to Natchez with
Joshua Howard in 1788. The 4th item of
Absalom Hooper's 1811 will lists an
"old Sam" among slaves bequeathed to his son Absalom (Jr.), along with "Smith tools",
presumably originally belonging to the John Smith
who earlier lived on his land on Whites Creek in the Cumberland Settlement.
If old Sam was
Samuel, the 50 year old slave "belonging" to
George's father when he was killed by Indians in Natchez in 1781, he would have
been about 80 when the will was written. The will also transferred ownership of
a "Little Sam" [Tennessee State Library and Archives, Will Book 4, page 246]. |
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|
On the second page, third column, 8th household for the 5th Company of the
1790 Burke Co. NC Census
George "Holliway" was listed as a head of household of 4 members: 1 male aged 16 and up (George), 1 male under age 16 (son John), 2 females (wife Mary, child Elizabeth). He was listed next to the household of "Wilm Lovin" [genealogy trails website]. |
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|
Map of Burke County
NC from 1777 to 1799 showing where the White and Holloway families settled. |
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George and his new immediate family were not only patriots but also religious.
George was converted to the Methodist movement by Rev. Jesse Lee (1758-1816)
about the year 1795. Rev. Lee travelled with
Bishop Francis Asbury (1745-1816)
from about 1797-1800 "through the whole length of the country" [Moore].
George was licensed as a lay preacher about 1801. He founded a Methodist group
that produced a manuscript titled Class Papers for Holloway's Society,
1810-1821, which had been saved by ancestors. |
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Bishop Francis Asbury made annual stops at
the home of uncle
William White in the 1790s. In his journal
entry for Oct 22, 1799, Bishop Asbury wrote: "We had a serious ride of thirty
miles to William White's, Esquire, upon Johns River, Burke County ... Our
quarterly meeting was held at William White's, Esquire, and grand patriarch of
this settlement, whose family of children, grandchildren etc are numerous and
extensively established here" [Clarke, et al.]. |
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|
In the 1800 Burke Co. NC Census the closest entry for George's family is a
"George Holly" which lists a household of 6 members: 1 male only (George, son John has died), 3 females under age 10 (Mahala, Jane and Elizabeth; Sally not yet born), 1 female aged 16-26 (a female born before 1784). 1 female aged 26-45 (wife Mary born before 1774) |
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|
According to his son Robert, the present
Mt. Olivet Methodist Church
in Collettsville NC is said to have replaced Holloway's Chapel. |
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In 1805, George Holloway was listed in the
Burke Co. list of taxables,
as owning 400 acres and taxable for 2 polls [persons living on the land over a
certain age]. He was listed in Captain Coleman's Company along with uncle
William White (1668 acres and 8 polls) and
father-in-law William Loving (180 acres and
1 poll). |
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|
George was a Justice of the Peace for Burke Co. and then in Caldwell
Co. NC after it was founded in 1841 and remained so until his death. |
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Daughter "Mehalle" joined the Holloway Society on May 18, 1819 and attended at
least through July. Her status was changed by May 6, 1821: "Mehale Holloway, S[ingle] put back on [?] for marriage outside of Church" About that time, she married Joseph H. Fair or Pharr (1798?-) in Burke Co. NC and had at least 4 children, including "Sally and Catrine" Fair who are mentioned in George's will of Nov 1843. She married two more times after. |
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|
Son George was a miller by trade in the Lower Creek area of Caldwell Co. He married
Amanda Baker and they had 6 children according to the 1850 census. One
daughter named Mary married Alexander Hood, grandson of
John Hood on Jan 31, 1856 in Caldwell Co. NC. |
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George and Mary named their youngest child after
James Taylor White, who is the grandfather of both George and Mary. Mary's
mother was Jane White and George's mother was
Jane's sister. Son James Taylor Holloway died only a few years after his marriage
Apr 15, 1841 to Delphia Estes. Robert was appointed guardian of his brother's
two young daughters on Jan 27, 1847, according to Caldwell Co. Court minutes.
And George's will written Nov 8, 1843, stated that what would have been James'
share should go to the two children, Carolina (born Feb 4, 1842)
and Elizabeth Jean (born Jan 20, 1844). However, the daughters subsequently moved
with their mother to Wisconsin. She married Oliver Lyon from Dunkirk WI in 1854. |
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|
On Jul 9, 1813, eldest daughter Elizabeth married Bennett Crisp (1786?-1870)
in Burke Co. NC. She lived to be about 100 years old. Their son John Bennett Crisp
was born in Burke Co. Oct 10, 1828. He died Dec 6, 1907 in Swain Co. NC and his
grave is in the Lauada Cemetery there. |
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|
In the 1815 Burke Co. Tax List,
"Bennet Crisp" (husband of Elizabeth), and "Soloman Crisp", are listed next to George.
Each are taxable for one poll (male resident) and no land. Bennett Crisp is not
listed as a head of household in the 1820 Burke Co. Census. Solomon is listed as
taxable in 1819 but
Bennett is not. |
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|
In the 1830 Burke Co. Census,
"Bennett Crisp" and wife Elizabeth Holloway are both listed as aged 30-40, meaning
both were born 1790 or after. On Sep 4, 1837 a Macon Co. NC land grant claim #1408
was entered for Bennett Crisp to grant 100 acres "On the N. side of Tuckeseege River"
[Tuckasegee River flows 60 mi. into Swain Co.; all of it is within NC. It is a
tributary to the Little Tennessee River which flows into the Tennessee]. The family
is counted in the Macon Co. NC Census in 1840 and 1850. |
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|
On Jun 4, 1814, daughter Jane married Daniel Setzer (1791-1872)
in Burke Co. NC. She is buried in the Littlejohn Methodist Church Cemetery in
Caldwell Co. NC.
Photo of grave marker of
Jane Setzer. |
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|
In 1819, George was the "tax-lister for the White district, including the upper
John's River, Mulberry and Globe sections." In the
list of taxables was a
William Loving, probably George's brother-in-law, son of
William Loving. George is not in the list,
because he was over 50 years old and thus not taxable. William Loving (Jr.) was
born about 1775, so he is listed with "180 acres, $600, and one white poll" [Scott,
W. W., Annals of Caldwell Co., p. 115]. Note that the name White does not
appear among any of those taxed in the White District. |
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| Daughter Sally married William Fleming (1794-1859) and was at least 30 years old and had a boy at least 5 years old during the count of the 1830 Burke Co. Census. | ||||
|
Daughter Susan married Robert Fleming (by 1800-1873). Robert was at least 30 years
old and Susan was younger than 30 during the 1830 Burke Co. Census. They had 2
children at the time. Susan was buried in the Littlejohn Methodist Church Cemetery
in Caldwell Co. NC. |
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|
Son Washington married "Poly Sisk" in 1821 according to marriage records of Burke
Co. NC. Polly Holloway, aged 53, was living in Cherokee Co. in western NC with
two sons at the time of the 1850 Census. |
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|
In the 1820 Burke Co. NC Census there is only one Holloway household: "George Holloway", on line 29 of page 23, transcribed version, headed a household of 7 white members: 2 males under age 10 (sons George & James Taylor), 1 male aged 10 to 16 (Robert), 1 male aged 16 to 18 (Washington), 1 male 45 or older (himself), 1 female 10-16 (Susan), 2 females 16-26 (Sally and Mahala), 1 female over 45 (wife Mary, meaning she had to be born by 1775), and also 7 slaves. In 1830, the "George Holloway" household, on line 21 of page 135, consists of George and Mary, both 60-70 years old (born by 1770), and 2 males aged 15-20 (sons George and James Taylor). |
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| Holloway Mountain Road as seen from the Tanawha Trail near where they intersect. Another View of Grandfather Mountain from the Trail. | ||||
|
History of the Linn Cove Viaduct. The
paved portion of Holloway Mountain Road between Rt 221 and the Blue Ridge Parkway
was part of the detour route for the Parkway during the viaduct construction. The
Blue Ridge Parkway, begun in 1935 as part of President Roosevelt's WPA and
CCC programs, was finally opened in 1987 after the completion of the viaduct bridge
in 1982. In 1978, the Holloway family sent a request to the U.S. Department of the Interior,
asking where Holloway Mountain was.
US Dept. of Interior response,
via Postcard.
Thus there is no evidence of there ever being a mountain named Holloway near the Parkway.
So it appears that the road was so named because it was used to travel between
Grandfather Mountain and the Globe where Holloway's church was located. |
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|
Holloway Mountain Road sign replaced a detour sign on the Blue Ridge Parkway
where present-day Holloway Mountain Road passes, just north of Grandfather Mountain.
Detailed Guidemap to the
Blue Ridge Parkway [Blowing Rock region] from 2005 shows the complete length
of the road today; two miles of gravel connects the Parkway with Church Mountain
Road and Highway 105; the remaining one mile is paved and connects the Parkway
with Route 221 between Blowing Rock and Banner Elk. The latter portion served as
the detour road to Route 221 while the
Linn Cove Viaduct
portion of the Blue Ridge Parkway was completed (1982). |
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|
National Park Service Sign honoring Rufus Lenoir Gwyn where Blue Ridge Parkway
passes over Holloway Mountain Road. |
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|
Grandfather Mountain |
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|
View of Grandfather Mountain from the present end of Holloway Mountain Road,
The crooked unpaved road
may have originally extended all the way to Little Mulberry Creek in the
vicinity of Collettsville and Holloway Mountain.
Detailed Guidemap
to the Blue Ridge Parkway [Lenoir region] shows the location of the towns of
Collettsville and Olivette and of Holloway Mountain along Route 90 west of Lenoir NC. |
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|
In 1978, the current postmaster for the Collettsville post office,
John Rader, told to
Lisabeth M. Holloway the following history of
Holloway Mountain: John's father, Edgar Raderbought the land on Holloway Mountain sometime after 1915 from Columbus "Lum" Holloway [(1872-1929), the son of George W. Holloway (son of Robert Holloway) and Mary Collett]. Lum Holloway owned a sawmill and was killed in an accident there [Dec 1929]. John's father lost the land the same year in the 1929 crash. John described the land as "twenty-five acres either side of the river [Little Mulberry Creek] that’s good for cultivation, and about fifty for pasturage; the rest was mountain land” [Holloway, Lisabeth M., her journal]. |
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| Topographical Map,
mapped and published by the U.S. Geological Survey in 1956, shows location of Holloway
Mountain just east of Olivette and north of Hood Chapel. Scale of map is 1:24 000. |
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|
According to the Oct 8, 1852 Minutes of the 4th Quarterly Conference Minutes,
Lenoir Circuit 1841-1869, George died after a three week illness. His last words
were "O happy place, hard struggling to get there" [
Memorial Notice]. |
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|
Caldwell County NC was formed in 1841 from Burke Co.
(see present day map
for location). |
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|
The gravesite of George is likely in an old cemetery called The Old Mount Olivet
Church Cemetery. The church was moved after 1870 to its current location. In late
1980's an Oleta Johnson described the location of the cemetery as south of Highway
90 about a half mile along Greasy Creek Road to the top of a hill. There are 16
unmarked graves in the yard of a home. This is also where Holloway's Chapel would
have stood. |
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|
Sources: Alexander, Nancy, Here Will I Dwell, The Story of Caldwell County, 1956. "Burke County, N.C. List of Taxables" abstracted by Ransom McBride, in NCGSJ, Nov 1982, p. 231. Burke Co. NC Land Grants, "Land Grants - Burke County", The North Carolina Collection, at Morganton-Burke County Public Library, transcribed by George M. Holloway. Clarke, Elmer T., Manning Potts, T., Payton, Jacob S., Eds., The Journal and Letters of Francis Asbury, Vols. 1-3, Nashville TN, Abington Press, and London, Epworth Press, 1958. Genealogy Trails, 1790 Census, Burke Co. NC, website, transcribed by Linda Natale, 2020. His will, Bk 1, p. 60, Caldwell Co., Lenoir Ct. House, dated Nov. 8, 1843, proved by 1853. Ingmire, Frances T., Marriage Records of Burke Co., NC 1781-1868, p. 13. Holloway, George, record keeper, "Holloway Society Papers," 1810,&c,; publ. in Wm Wiseman & the Davenports, Pioneers Of Old Burke County, North Carolina Volume II, by M.L. Vineyard & E.M. Wiseman, Genealogy Publ. Service, Franklin NC, 1997, pp.113-128. McBee, May Wilson, comp., Natchez Court Records, 1767-1805, Greenwood MS, 1953, v. 2, Book A, p. 8. Memorial notice of George Holloway, Minutes of Quarterly Conference, 1841-1869, Methodist Episcopal Church, South Carolina Conference, Lenoir Circuit, NC, entry for Oct 8, 1852. Transcribed by G. Davidson; photocopy provided by Betsy Pittman, Valdese NC. Moore, M.H, Pioneers of Methodism in North Carolina and Virginia, Nashville, 1884. Outdoor Paths Publ., Detailed Guidemap to the Blue Ridge Parkway, Milepost 270.0 to 469.1, Black Mountain NC, 2005. Scott, W. W., Annals of Caldwell Co., Lenoir NC, 1930, pp. 114-118. Staley, Linda M., comp., Court of Common Pleas and Quarter Sessions, Caldwell County, North Carolina, The first Six Years 1841-1847, 2nd Ed., publ. by author, p. 85. U.S. 1800 Census, Burke Co. NC, usgwcensus website, file pg00720.gif, page 754, line 10. U.S. 1820 Census, Burke Co. NC, USGenWeb website, S-K Publ., page 23, line 29. U.S. 1850 Census, Caldwell Co. NC, pp. 2, 58. U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey, Lenoir (N.C.) Quadrangle. topography from aerial photographs taken 1947, field checks 1956, publ. USGS, 1956. Taggart, Nita L.H., Clarinda, IA, "Descendancy Chart," Morganton NC Libr. Tennessee State Library and Archives, Davidson Co. Tennessee Will Book 4, page 246, Microfilm Roll No. 427. Thomas, Rev. I. W., "A Brief Sketch of the Holloway Family", Transcript of newspaper clipping, Caldwell Co. NC, c. 1918. Author (1848-1922) said article was written from memory. It contains mistakes such as the name of George's father and state of the birthplace of George. Wells, Carol, Natchez Postscripts 1781-1798, Heritage Books, Bowie MD, 1992, pp. 101, 144-5, 151. Will of George Holloway, Nov 8, 1843, Will Book A, Caldwell Co. NC, p. 60. No probate recorded, but Robert is described as Executor of George, deceased in a deed transfer in 1853. |
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